Feedeeic keaengel



(N0 Model.)

P. KRAENGEL.

SPIRIT LEVEL.

Patented Nov". 29,1881.

FREDERIO KRAENGEL,

SPIRIT- ATENT Farce.

OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,080, dated November 29, 1881.

Application filed February 9, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown thatLFREDERIc KRAENGEL, of Bufialo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and uselevels; and it consists, essentially, in the peculiar and novel combination of parts and details of construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth and described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings already mentioned, which serve toillustrate my saidinvention more fully, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved level. Fig. 2 is afront elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the central portion of the same. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional elevation in line a; x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the spirit-bulb, its casing and supports. Fig.6 is an end view of the same. Figs. 7 and 8 are longitudinal sectional elevations of the pl umblevels.

Like parts are designated by corresponding letters of reference in all the various figures.

A designates the usual stock of a level, provided with corner-mountings a, as clearly shown in the figures. This stock has centrally an oblong recess, '3, covered by a plate, 0, said recess being constructed to receive a spirit bulb or vial, F, fixed within a slotted tube, E.

- This tube is placed into a casing,D, having on (No model.)

providing the vial-tube with the casing or tube E is to provide for means of protection for the glass vial F.

In the plate 0 there is a circular aperture directly opposite the screw 9, so as to enable said screw being adjusted by means of a screwdriver after said cover-plate O is fixed in proper position upon the stock A. In said stock there are two circular apertures or openings,

H H, respectively, one of which is adapted to receive a permanent plumb-bulb, K, and the other an adjustable bulb, 0, said bulb K being inserted into a tube, J which tube is then passed into another tube, I. Of these tubes the latter is a fixed one, provided with two rubber collars or bands, I I, fitting a circular aperture through the stock A. The tube J is loosely fitted into the tube I, so as to be readily oscillated therein by means of a handle, J, fixed to said tube, theobjectof which is similar to that of the tube D on the level-bulb 1 -11. 6., to protect the vial K.

Through the tube I is passed a micrometerscrew, L, by means of which said tube is adjusted so as to stand perfectly at right angles to the base of the stock A. The bulb O is inserted into an oblong casing, N, and the latter pivoted within a similar but larger casing,

M, by means of a bolt, Q, Figs. 1 and 2.

In the casing M there is a notch, M, so as to form a sto m in said casin a 'ainst which '80 the partf of the casing N can strike. The pivot Q, around which the casing N revolves,

is set out of the center of said casing, the distance from said pivot to the end f being farther than that to the end f, so that the latter end. is free to pass through the part at in said casing M. By this construction the vial 0 may be placed at any angle to the base-line of the stock A, and thereby used as an inclinometer, oritmayberevolvcdone-hali'revolutionaround 0 its pivot, and thereby bring the-bulb 0 into the interior of the casing M, where it is protected from breakage.

In spirit-levels the vials are usually made of glass tubes melted or blown closed on both ends by a blow-pipe or other similar means. This method of producing vials is objectionable,owin g to the dangers of breakage connected with the closing of said tubes. To avoid this objection I construct my vials also of glass tubing, but close the same on both ends by means of plaster-of-paris plugs f, Figs. 5, 6, and 7, said plugs being placed into the tubes when in a plastic state, and allowed to dry and harden in the usual manner.

By this method of procedure I am enabled to produce bulbs or vials at a nominal cost.

It will now be observed that by placing the casing or tube E, containing the vial F, upon the rubber blocks G, I attain two very important results, the first of which is that I thereby cushion the said vial F, so as to prevent it from being broken if the stock bedropped or an article be thrown thereon, and the other that the vial is readily adjusted to be level with the base of the stock A.

It will now be further observed that the device shown in Fig. 7 for protecting the spiritbulb is simply a modification of that illustrated in Fig. 3. In said Fig. 7 the outer tube is depicted as stationary and cushioned by rubber bands placed around said tube, while the tube I, containing the vial, is revolved in said stationary tube Ja construction which is equivalent to that shown in said Fig. 3, where the outer tube is revolved and the inner one, with the spirit-vial, fixed upon rubber cushions.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure to me, my heirs and assigns, the following:

1. In spirit-levels, the combination, with the taining the vial F, of the notched tube D, having the collar D, the rubber blocks G, and the adjusting-screw g, as stated.

3. The combination, in a level, with a fixed level-bulb, of a fixed plumb-bulb and an adjustable inclinometer-bulb, the latter being fixed within a casingpivoted within an oblong tube set at right angles to the base of said level, as and for the object specified.

4. The combination, with the stock A,,having the circular aperture H, of the casing M, having the notch M, and the stop m, and the casing N, having the vial 0, said casingN being pivoted to said casing M, substantially as described, whereby the bulb 0 may be adjusted to any inclination, or turned inside the casing M for protection, as stated.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

F. KRAENGEL.

Attest:

MICHAEL J. STARK, FRANK HrRsoI-r. 

